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Bill White Tells it Like it Was

The Marginalization of CriticsThe National Farmers Union questioned the ability of the United States to establish world hegemony, and argued for international cooperation to address issues of worldwide poverty and self-determination. The Truman administration chose instead to view the world as a playing field upon which the competing interests of the United States and the Soviet Union vied for domination. As advocates of international cooperation through the United Nations, the National Farmers Union dissented from the unilateral and aggressive actions of Truman's foreign policy. Instead of being perceived as representing a legitimate divergent view of how U.S. foreign policy might be better conducted, the organization became the target for suppressive criticism and unsubstantiated claims of Communist infiltration by the FBI, the State Department, and the House Un-American Activities Committee.
As the Cold War intensified into the Korean War, the National Farmers Union faced the dilemma of whether to continue their opposition to American foreign policy or, conversely, to align itself within the prevailing American attitude of consensus. Organizational leaders differed as to the best path. Field follows the inner politics of the National Farmers Union as national president Jim Patton led the effort to purge the vocal critics of the Truman administration. Patton moved in this direction after he decided the group needed to support the U.S. Korean War effort in order to survive. His Machiavellian machinations successfully removed the loudest and most influential of the dissenters, including Fred Stover.
Field presents an interesting dichotomy of dissent. On one side, Jim Patton and the National Farmer's Union, after an early period of dissent, tried to maintain influence during the growing Red Scare by adopting a posture supportive of the U.S. Korean War effort. While on the other side, Fred Stover continued his dissent during the Korean War by refusing to temper his condemnation of an aggressive American foreign policy that he believed played a role in provoking and escalating the Cold War. The irony of Field's dichotomy lay in the fact that both Jim Patton and Fred Stover achieved about the same impact. As critics, at one time or another, they were disloyal, untrustworthy, and hence, marginalized in the post World War II political climate. Field shows that the 'harvest of dissent' for the National Farmers Union, Jim Patton, and Fred Stover failed to reap a fundamental examination of the assumptions of American Cold War foreign policy.
I recommend the book as important in revealing the role the climate of consensus played in limiting debate during the early years of the Cold War. Field provides a telling example of exactly how government pressure limited dissent and the exploration of alternatives to fighting the Cold War.


This is One Great Book

Great author, great translation, great reading!

The author should have discussed the role of the CPNelson Lichtenstein Professor of History University of Virginia


The New Imperialism

The light in Soviet prisonIt is possible that without the underground movement inspired by the Rebbe instead of refusniks and the massive exodus of the 80s and 90s, Russian Jewry might have dissolved in a haze of assimilation.
In The Heroic Struggle we have Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak's own account of his ordeal. As riveting as a contemporary thriller He writes: "... sensitive and talented authors would find much material for lengthy works on the nature of human feeling and conduct by merely depicting ... the ... two hours from my arrival in the prison ... " Actually the Rebbe hasn't left much for other authors. His narrative is vividly detailed, insightful and sensitive. From the remarkably detailed description of his cell to the penetrating analyses of his captors, interrogators and fellow prisoners, the Rebbe involves the reader in his experience.


A great book!

An excellently researched study.

UniqueIt is normal to assume that any historian will present events not only in the light of his research, but also of his political position. There is no such thing as "objective" history. However the "Short Course" takes this basic rule of thumb to the extreme, and in doing so tells us more about the society in which it was produced, than it does about the events outlined.
It is a "history" of the CPSU, starting from its foundation in 1898 and ending (depending on which edition you have) during the period of Soviet consolidation after the Yeshov period.
The basic details of the early years of the Party are given, and most of the personalities involved are covered. However, from the period of the beginning of WW1 onwards the book ceases to be history and becomes polemic; In effect a justification for everything which has happened between 1914 and the publication date.
People do not simply "disappear" (although some do) from the subsequent historical narrative, they become transformed. All those who had been, or were, opposing Stalin in the late 1930's have their philosophical "mistakes" backdated twenty years. Thus, Trotsky was a Menshevik spy, Zinoviev and Kamenev opposed the timing of the Revolution publically because they wanted to alert their bourgeois masters to the impending threat, and Bukharin and Rykov were from the start engaged with the British, French and German secret services.
Of course I, no more than you, can prove that this was not the case. However I allow myself, as must any historian, a little scepticism. And in this case that secpticism is backed up not only by all other historical sources on the subject, but also on the obvious internal contradictions of the book itself.
This book is a work of fiction, and a quite frightening one.
It was learned by rote by all CPSU members (long after the (B)had disappeared), as the true history of their Party. Their "habit" of believing it ("secret speech" or not) goes some way to explaining what happened to the Soviet Union subsequently.
For all those reasons this book is a "must read". It is turgid in parts, and quite exciting in others, but it is unquestionably one of the most fascinating and influential books ever written.